blog-duhaz-v3/blog/seo_utils.py

"""
Utilitaires SEO pour le blog
Génère les métadonnées structurées et optimise le référencement
"""
from django.conf import settings
from django.urls import reverse
from datetime import datetime
import json


def generate_article_schema(article, request):
    """
    Génère le schema.org JSON-LD pour un article de blog
    Format Article pour Google Rich Results
    """
    # URL absolue de l'article
    article_url = request.build_absolute_uri(
        reverse('blog_play', args=[article.b_titre_slugify])
    )
    
    # Image de l'article ou image par défaut
    image_url = article.b_description_img if article.b_description_img else \
                request.build_absolute_uri(settings.STATIC_URL + 'logo-txt-Mrduhaz.png')
    
    schema = {
        "@context": "https://schema.org",
        "@type": "BlogPosting",
        "headline": article.b_titre,
        "description": article.b_description[:160] if article.b_description else "",
        "image": image_url,
        "datePublished": article.b_publdate.isoformat() if article.b_publdate else "",
        "dateModified": article.b_publdate.isoformat() if article.b_publdate else "",
        "author": {
            "@type": "Person",
            "name": "Mr Duhaz",
            "url": request.build_absolute_uri('/')
        },
        "publisher": {
            "@type": "Organization",
            "name": "Duhaz Blog",
            "url": request.build_absolute_uri('/'),
            "logo": {
                "@type": "ImageObject",
                "url": request.build_absolute_uri(settings.STATIC_URL + 'logo-txt-Mrduhaz.png')
            }
        },
        "mainEntityOfPage": {
            "@type": "WebPage",
            "@id": article_url
        },
        "wordCount": len(article.b_contenu.split()) if article.b_contenu else 0,
        "articleSection": [cat.cb_titre for cat in article.b_cat.all()],
        "keywords": article.b_mots_clefs,
        "inLanguage": "fr-FR"
    }
    
    return json.dumps(schema, ensure_ascii=False)


def generate_breadcrumb_schema(items, request):
    """
    Génère le schema.org pour le fil d'Ariane (breadcrumb)
    items: liste de tuples (nom, url)
    """
    schema = {
        "@context": "https://schema.org",
        "@type": "BreadcrumbList",
        "itemListElement": []
    }
    
    for position, (name, url) in enumerate(items, start=1):
        schema["itemListElement"].append({
            "@type": "ListItem",
            "position": position,
            "name": name,
            "item": request.build_absolute_uri(url) if url else None
        })
    
    return json.dumps(schema, ensure_ascii=False)


def generate_website_schema(request):
    """
    Génère le schema.org pour le site web principal
    """
    schema = {
        "@context": "https://schema.org",
        "@type": "WebSite",
        "name": "Duhaz Blog",
        "url": request.build_absolute_uri('/'),
        "description": "Blog tech et développement par Mr Duhaz",
        "inLanguage": "fr-FR",
        "potentialAction": {
            "@type": "SearchAction",
            "target": {
                "@type": "EntryPoint",
                "urlTemplate": request.build_absolute_uri(reverse('blog_index')) + "?b_search={search_term_string}"
            },
            "query-input": "required name=search_term_string"
        }
    }
    
    return json.dumps(schema, ensure_ascii=False)


def generate_og_tags(article, request):
    """
    Génère les balises Open Graph pour le partage sur réseaux sociaux
    """
    article_url = request.build_absolute_uri(
        reverse('blog_play', args=[article.b_titre_slugify])
    )
    
    image_url = article.b_description_img if article.b_description_img else \
                request.build_absolute_uri(settings.STATIC_URL + 'logo-txt-Mrduhaz.png')
    
    return {
        'og:type': 'article',
        'og:title': article.b_titre,
        'og:description': article.b_description[:160] if article.b_description else "",
        'og:url': article_url,
        'og:image': image_url,
        'og:site_name': 'Duhaz Blog',
        'og:locale': 'fr_FR',
        'article:published_time': article.b_publdate.isoformat() if article.b_publdate else "",
        'article:author': 'Mr Duhaz',
        'article:section': ', '.join([cat.cb_titre for cat in article.b_cat.all()]),
        'article:tag': article.b_mots_clefs
    }


def generate_twitter_cards(article, request):
    """
    Génère les balises Twitter Card pour le partage sur Twitter
    """
    article_url = request.build_absolute_uri(
        reverse('blog_play', args=[article.b_titre_slugify])
    )
    
    image_url = article.b_description_img if article.b_description_img else \
                request.build_absolute_uri(settings.STATIC_URL + 'logo-txt-Mrduhaz.png')
    
    return {
        'twitter:card': 'summary_large_image',
        'twitter:title': article.b_titre,
        'twitter:description': article.b_description[:160] if article.b_description else "",
        'twitter:image': image_url,
        'twitter:url': article_url
    }


def get_canonical_url(request):
    """
    Retourne l'URL canonical pour éviter le duplicate content
    """
    return request.build_absolute_uri(request.path)